fast_lyapunov_max

gala.dynamics.nonlinear.fast_lyapunov_max(w0, hamiltonian, dt, n_steps, d0=1e-05, n_steps_per_pullback=10, noffset_orbits=2, t1=0.0, atol=1e-10, rtol=1e-10, nmax=0, return_orbit=True)[source]

Compute the maximum Lyapunov exponent using a C-implemented estimator that uses the DOPRI853 integrator.

Parameters
w0PhaseSpacePosition, array_like

Initial conditions.

hamiltonianHamiltonian
dtnumeric

Timestep.

n_stepsint

Number of steps to run for.

d0numeric (optional)

The initial separation.

n_steps_per_pullbackint (optional)

Number of steps to run before re-normalizing the offset vectors.

noffset_orbitsint (optional)

Number of offset orbits to run.

t1numeric (optional)

Time of initial conditions. Assumed to be t=0.

return_orbitbool (optional)

Store the full orbit for the parent and all offset orbits.

Returns
LEsQuantity

Lyapunov exponents calculated from each offset / deviation orbit.

orbitOrbit (optional)